Digital Entrepreneurship Policy in Korea, Japan, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France and Germany, 2025

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Policy Review (EEPR), 13(4) · March 2026

This report reviews the digital entrepreneurship policy that the governments of Korea, Japan, China, the United Kingdom, the United States, France and Germany set out from January to December 2025 in six domains — regulation and law, finance, culture, support, human capital and markets — and analyses it in its context, against theory and in practice. Artificial intelligence organised the year’s policy: AI laws of very different strength, public computing power, national models and AI procurement. The best measures scaled duties to the size of firms, opened platforms and public markets to young firms or paid for scarce inputs through competitive grants; the worst cut innovation tax relief, let early-stage grants lapse, or raised barriers to foreign founders or to the skilled hires of young firms. Outside Japan’s GENIAC, which funded companies’ projects chosen by competition, public computing power went mostly to researchers and national projects, and much of the year’s policy was still pending at its end.